20100610
Afrol

The Algiers parliament has approved a bill to spend an extraordinary 100 billion Dinars (US$ 1.48 billion) on science over five years. Algeria now hopes to reverse the "brain drain".

The budget — unusually high for the Arab world — "aims at reversing brain drain and bringing our scientists back home," Abdelhafid Awrag, head of the Scientific Research Department at the country's Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, told 'SciDev.Net'.

Approved two weeks ago, the bill will allow the North African country to double its expenditure on scientific research, from 0.5 to one percent of its GDP — way ahead of the 0.2 percent average in Arab countries, according to Mr Awrag.

Some 34 research programmes are to be implemented during the first phase of the project, while the number of scientific researchers will increase from 21,000 to 28,000 and the number of scientific labs to 1,200 in five years, said Mr Awrag. "This will still be below the European standards of 600 researchers per million people, but it represents a huge step forward," he said.

Funded programmes are set to cover areas such as agriculture, health and energy, with emphasis on applied research and technology.

Academic sources said that around 150 talented researchers working in Canada, Europe and the United States have expressed their will to return home, but they are still waiting for the assurance that they and their families will be secure and economically comfortable.

Ali Bougaroura, rector of Mila University, told 'SciDev.Net' that the new project "will allow a quantum leap in scientific research because it reduces bureaucracy and gives research centres more autonomy in decision-making, especially regarding financing projects".

But he said there was no need to reverse brain drain in the age of virtual communication.

"Algerian researchers can actively participate in national research programmes without the need to permanently live in Algeria," he said. "Their presence in developed countries is more valuable, from where they can transfer knowledge and expertise to their peers at home."

Jaffal Ammar, a lab director at the University of Algiers, said: "Bureaucracy is the main obstacle to the development of scientific research. Sixty percent of the research budget is allocated to administrative expenses, and scientific research in Algeria won't advance in the absence of a political will to give researchers enough autonomy to act."

"We need to establish a database of researchers and their expertise, and close the gap between academic research and the real needs of the economy," Mr Ammar added.

Two weeks ago, the Algiers Ministry of Higher Education called researchers to submit proposals which were to be evaluated by an international expert committee. Two-year contracts would then be signed with researchers in November.