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Title:
Agriculture in Angola
Author(s):
Jesse Russell (Editor), Ronald Cohn
(Editor)
Paperback:
102 pages
Published: Book on Demand Ltd.
Publication date: April 29th
2012
ISBN10: 5510874546
ISBN13:
9785510874549
Language:English
Book Summary
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles!
Agriculture in Angola has a tremendous potential. Angola is a
potentially rich agricultural country, with fertile soils, a favourable
climate, and about 57.4 million ha of agricultural land, including more
than 5.0 million ha of arable land. Before independence from Portugal in
1975, Angola had a flourishing tradition of family-based farming and was
self-sufficient in all major food crops except wheat. The country
exported coffee and maize, as well as crops such as sisal, bananas,
tobacco and cassava. By the 1990s Angola was producing less than 1
percent of the volume of coffee it had produced in the early 1970s,
while production of cotton, tobacco and sugar cane had ceased almost
entirely. Poor global market prices and lack of investment have severely
limited the sector after independence. The Angolan Civil War (1975-2002)
and the consequent deterioration of the rural economy and neglect of the
farming sector dealt the final blow to the country's agricultural
productivity. During the civil war, most small-scale farmers have
reverted to subsistence farming. Angola has been dependent on commercial
imports since 1977 and was heavily dependent up to the end of the war.
The agriculture of Angola is currently expanding due to the end of the
Angolan Civil War in 2002, and the growth of foreign investment in the
sector. However, the return to productivity in rural areas is proving
difficult and slow. Large areas remain uncultivable because of the
presence of landmines. Functioning infrastructure in rural areas is
limited, and there are few incentives for people to return to farming.
After the war, from 2003 to 2004 only 2.9 million ha of the available
agricultural land was cultivated. Agriculture's contribution to gross
domestic product (GDP) - including forestry and fisheries - has been
about 8 per cent. Yet two thirds of the population still depend on
agriculture for food, income and employment. About 80 per cent of
farmers throughout the country are smallholders. They cultivate very
small plots of land, with very low agricultural productivity.
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